[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/hlavolam-generacii-rubikova-kocka\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/hlavolam-generacii-rubikova-kocka\/","headline":"Hlavolam gener\u00e1cii \u2013 Rubikova kocka","name":"Hlavolam gener\u00e1cii \u2013 Rubikova kocka","description":"Vyroben\u00e1 bola v 1974, no do obchodov pri\u0161la o nie\u010do nesk\u00f4r, presnej\u0161ie, pred okr\u00fahlymi 40 rokmi. Odvtedy tr\u00e1pila, fascinovala a tak trochu iritovala matematik\u00e1rov, fyzik\u00e1rov a v podstate v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa k nej dostali. Dnes u\u017e ide o nie\u010do \u013eah\u0161iu z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165, ke\u010f\u017ee sa k rad\u00e1m a postupom m\u00f4\u017eeme v\u010faka internetu dosta\u0165 ove\u013ea jednoduch\u0161ie. Kedysi...","datePublished":"2020-01-12","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e4532b7f65738965bbad8697e5bd54c0628af7bffe8d3c856885c44d86978cee?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e4532b7f65738965bbad8697e5bd54c0628af7bffe8d3c856885c44d86978cee?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"sais.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309736_w16897_t1580221628.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a309736_w16897_t1580221628.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/hlavolam-generacii-rubikova-kocka\/","about":["Veda"],"wordCount":434,"articleBody":"Vyroben\u00e1 bola v 1974, no do obchodov pri\u0161la o nie\u010do nesk\u00f4r, presnej\u0161ie, pred okr\u00fahlymi 40 rokmi. Odvtedy tr\u00e1pila, fascinovala a tak trochu iritovala matematik\u00e1rov, fyzik\u00e1rov a v podstate v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa k nej dostali. Dnes u\u017e ide o nie\u010do \u013eah\u0161iu z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165, ke\u010f\u017ee sa k rad\u00e1m a postupom m\u00f4\u017eeme v\u010faka internetu dosta\u0165 ove\u013ea jednoduch\u0161ie. Kedysi to v\u0161ak tak nebolo, a vedci vypracov\u00e1vali cel\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce zaoberaj\u00face sa logikou za touto magickou \u0161katu\u013ekou. Postupne sa pri\u0161lo na mnoho zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch vec\u00ed, a jednou z nich je aj odpove\u010f na nasleduj\u00facu ot\u00e1zku:Podar\u00ed sa n\u00e1m kocku ur\u010dite vyrie\u0161i\u0165, ak ju manu\u00e1lne rozoberieme a n\u00e1hodne posklad\u00e1me sp\u00e4\u0165? Zjednodu\u0161en\u00e1 odpove\u010f znie nie, nepodar\u00ed, aspo\u0148 nie v\u017edy. Na to aby sme vysvetlili pre\u010do, mus\u00edme sa na \u0148u pozrie\u0165 z matematick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska. V\u0161etk\u00fdch mo\u017en\u00fdch kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed, vytvoren\u00fdch \u013eubovo\u013en\u00fdm ot\u00e1\u010dan\u00edm, je 43 252 003 274 489 856 000. Toto \u010d\u00edslo dostaneme v\u00fdpo\u010dtom (38.8!)(21212!)\/12. Hoci tieto cifry a po\u010dty vyzeraj\u00fa hrozivo, daj\u00fa sa pochopite\u013ene vysvetli\u0165, za predpokladu, \u017ee m\u00e1te aspo\u0148 ak\u00e9 tak\u00e9 znalosti z matiky. Za\u010dnime prvou z\u00e1tvorkou: ka\u017ed\u00e1 z \u00f4smych rohov\u00fdch kociek m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v troch r\u00f4znych poloh\u00e1ch, a tie treba vyn\u00e1sobi\u0165 \u00f4smymi vo\u013en\u00fdmi miestami. \u010eal\u0161ia z\u00e1tvorka hovor\u00ed nie\u010do podobn\u00e9 a to je, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 z dvan\u00e1stich kociek na hran\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 v dvoch poloh\u00e1ch a na jednom z dvan\u00e1stich miest. Nakoniec je tu delenie 12, ktor\u00e9 je najkomplikovanej\u0161ie. Sklad\u00e1 sa z vyn\u00e1sobenia \u010d\u00edsel 3, 2 a 2. Predstavte si, \u017ee kocku prakticky rozlo\u017e\u00edte. Trojka predstavuje rohy, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete vr\u00e1ti\u0165 v troch r\u00f4znych poloh\u00e1ch. Ke\u010f ju v\u0161ak vr\u00e1tite inak, bude nerie\u0161ite\u013en\u00e1, preto\u017ee neexistuje algoritmus ktor\u00fd by oto\u010dil pr\u00e1ve jeden roh (existuje tak\u00fd \u010do oto\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1ve dva). Prv\u00e1 dvojka je znamen\u00e1 to ist\u00e9, akur\u00e1t, \u017ee ide o hrany. Druh\u00e1 dvojka sa vz\u0165ahuje na rohy aj hrany. Ak vyberiete a oto\u010d\u00edte pr\u00e1ve po jednom z nich, kocka bude op\u00e4\u0165 \u201ezl\u00e1\u201c (je iba algoritmus na oto\u010denie dvoch tak\u00fdchto dvoj\u00edc). M\u00e1te teda \u0161ancu 1 ku 12, \u017ee va\u0161e n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 zostavenie Rubikovho hlavolamu bude aj rie\u0161ite\u013en\u00e9. Je fascinuj\u00face ako tento vyn\u00e1lez Erna Rubika je st\u00e1le relevantn\u00fd a patr\u00ed medzi ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 hry na rozh\u00fdbanie mozgu.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.3\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Hlavolam gener\u00e1cii \u2013 Rubikova kocka","item":"https:\/\/www.sais.sk\/hlavolam-generacii-rubikova-kocka\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]